For an oil and gas separator to accomplish its primary functions, pressure must be maintained in the separator so that the liquid and gas can…
Removing water from crude oil often requires additional processing beyond gravitational separation. In selecting a treating system, several factors should be considered to determine the…
The Bernoulli equation is a way of describing how the energy of a fluid changes along its path. It says that the sum of the…
When a magnetizable solid is subjected to a magnetic induction field, the local magnetic moments are oriented in the direction of the induction fields, and…
Cyclone separators are designed to operate by centrifugal force. These designs are best suited for fairly clean gas streams. The swirling action of the gas…
It is customary to express the energy contained in a fluid in terms of the potential energy contained in an equivalent height or “head” of…
A weir system separator is a device that separates a mixture of oil, water, and gas into its individual components. It is commonly used in…
Figure 13-2 shows a cross section of a conventional relief valve and Figure 13-3 is a schematic that shows the valve’s operation. Convention al relief…
Numerous processes have been developed for gas sweetening based on a variety of chemical and physical principles. These processes can be categorized by the principles…
Produced wellhead fluids are complex mixtures of different compounds of hydrogen and carbon, all with different densities, vapor pressures, and other physical characteristics. As a well stream flows from the hot, high-pressure petroleum reservoir, it experiences pressure and temperature reductions. Gases evolve from the liquids and the well streamchanges in character.