A bed of random packing typically consists of a bed support (typically a gas injection support plate) upon which pieces of packing material are randomly…
A scrubber is a two-phase separator that is designed to recover liquids carried over from the gas outlets of production separators or to catch liquids…
Adding heat to the incoming oil/water stream is the traditional method of separating the phases. The addition of heat reduces the viscosity of the oil…
Cyclone separators are designed to operate by centrifugal force. These designs are best suited for fairly clean gas streams. The swirling action of the gas…
The design pressure for a vessel is called its “Maximum Allowable Working Pressure” (MAWP). In conversation this is sometimes referred to simply as the vessel’s…
This process uses propylene carbonate as a physical solvent to remove CO2 and H2S. Propylene carbonate also removes C2+ hydrocarbons, COS, SO2, CS2, and H2O…
Aerial coolers are often used to cool a hot fluid to near ambient temperature. They are mechanically simple and flexible, and they eliminate the nuisance…
The following formulas are used in the ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 for determining wall thickness: Wall thickness—cylindrical shells Figure 12-1 defines the various…
The flow of a compressible fluid through an orifice is limited by critical flow. Critical flow is also referred to as choked flow, sonic flow,…
In producing operations it is often necessary to handle waste water that may include water produced with crude oil, rain water, and washdown water. The…