Next to sales contract specifications, corrosion protection ranks highest among the reasons for the removal of acid gases. The partial pressure of the acid gases…
Shell-and-tube exchangers contain several types of baffles to help direct the flow of both tube-side and shell-side fluids. Pass partition baffles force the fluid to…
A drain system that is connected directly to pressure vessels is called a “pressure” or “closed” drain system. A drain system that collects liquids that…
This is the bottom product from the atmospheric distillation of the crude oil. Most crude oils are distilled in the atmospheric crude oil tower to…
Coriolis mass-flow controllers (MFCs) are widely used in the chemical process industries (CPI) for applications that require precise and accurate measurement and control of critical…
Figure 6-1 shows a multistage separation process. By removing molecules of the light components in the first separator they are not available to flash to…
The fraction of any one component that flashes to gas at any stage in a process is a function of the temperature, pressure, and composition…
TEMA standards provide for two classes of shell and tube exchanger qualities. Class C is the less stringent and is typically used in onshore applications…
In the interest of energy conversion, process heat can be obtained from a heat recovery unit in which heat is recovered from turbine or reciprocating…
Several proprietary processes have been developed based on the hot carbonate system with an activator or catalyst. These activators increase the performance of the hot…