It is normally a good idea to include a simple vortex breaker as shown in Figure 4-9 to keep a vortex from developing when the…
Several proprietary processes have been developed based on the hot carbonate system with an activator or catalyst. These activators increase the performance of the hot…
Conventional Valve, Balanced-Bellows Valve, or Pilot-Operated Valve The corresponding equations for liquid flow are the following: Note that a preliminary orifice size must be determined…
When thinking about emulsion stability, it may be helpful to realize that in a pure oil and pure water mixture, without an emulsifying agent, no…
These units are designed to allow hydrates to form and to melt them with the heat of the incoming gas stream before they can plug…
The gravity settling devices previously discussed make use of closely spaced internals to reduce the distance an oil droplet must rise to meet a coalescing…
A bed of structured packing consists of a bed support upon which elements of structured packing are placed. Beds of structured packing typically have lower…
Heat-exchanger tubes should not be confused with steel pipe or other types of pipe that are extruded to steel pipe sizes. The outside diameter of…
It is very rare that flow must be controlled in an oil field process. Normally, the control of pressure, level, and temperature is sufficient. Occasionally,…
Vessel Supports Small vertical vessels may be supported by angle support legs, as shown in Figure 12-11. Larger vertical vessels are generally supported by a…