Hydrocarbon streams as produced at the wellhead are composed of a mixture of gas, liquid hydrocarbons, and sometimes free water. In most cases it is…
Cyclone separators are designed to operate by centrifugal force. These designs are best suited for fairly clean gas streams. The swirling action of the gas…
The way in which the process temperature is controlled varies. In a heater, a temperature controller measures the process temperature and signals a fuel valve…
Back-pressure can affect either the set pressure or the capacity of a relief valve. The set pressure is the pressure at which the relief valve…
Control valves are used throughout the process to control pressure, level, temperature, or flow. It is beyond the scope of this text to discussthe differences…
Re-entrainment is a phenomenon caused by high gas velocity at the gas-liquid interface of a separator. Momentum transfer from the gas to the liquid causes…
Two common internals not discussed are coalescing plates and sand jets. It is possible to use various plate or pipe coalescer designs to aid in…
This fraction is usually the first side stream of a conventional atmospheric distillation unit. It may be cut to meet a burning oil specification or…
The Reynolds number is a dimensionless parameter that relates the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces. It can be expressed by the following general…
When subjected to a magnetic induction B, an elementary volume v of magnetizable substance acquires local magnetization M, where M is the magnetic moment of…