A fixed bed of solid particles can be used to remove acid gases either through chemical reactions or ionic bonding. Typically, in solid bed absorption…
The German Lurgi Company and Linde A. G. developed the Rectisol® process to use methanol to sweeten natural gas. Due to the high vapor pressure…
Cyclone separators are designed to operate by centrifugal force. These designs are best suited for fairly clean gas streams. The swirling action of the gas…
This is the bottom product from the vacuum distillation unit. Just as in the case of the atmospheric residue it has several options for its…
This property of a fluid indicates its resistance to flow. It is a dynamic property, in that it can be measured only when the fluid…
Hydrocyclone separators, sometimes called enhanced gravity separators, use centrifugal force to remove oil droplets from oily water. As shown in Figure 7-16, static hydrocyclone separator…
Nozzles should be sized according to pipe sizing criteria, such as those provided in API RP 14E. The outlet nozzle is generally the same size…
Heat exchangers used in gas production facilities are shell-and-tube, double-pipe, plate-and-frame, bath-type, forced-air, or direct-fired. In this chapter we will discuss the basic concepts for…
Conventional Valve, Balanced-Bellows Valve, or Pilot-Operated Valve The corresponding equations for liquid flow are the following: Note that a preliminary orifice size must be determined…
Shell-and-tube exchangers contain several types of baffles to help direct the flow of both tube-side and shell-side fluids. Pass partition baffles force the fluid to…