This is not strictly a cut but consists of all the light material in the crude absorbed into the total overhead distillate from the crude…
An oscillating droplet of oil becomes unstable when the kinetic energy is sufficient to make up for the difference in the surface energy between the…
TEMA standards provide for two classes of shell and tube exchanger qualities. Class C is the less stringent and is typically used in onshore applications…
For distillation services, as in condensate stabilization, tray design is well understood, and many engineers are more comfortable with trays than with packing. In the…
As with vertical two-phase separators, a minimum diameter must be maintained to assure adequate gas capacity. In addition, vertical threephase separators must maintain a minimum…
Hydrocarbon streams as produced at the wellhead are composed of a mixture of gas, liquid hydrocarbons, and sometimes free water. In most cases it is…
Foam at the interface may occur when gas bubbles are liberated from the liquid. This foam can be stabilized with the addition of chemicals at…
A weir system separator is a device that separates a mixture of oil, water, and gas into its individual components. It is commonly used in…
Vessel Supports Small vertical vessels may be supported by angle support legs, as shown in Figure 12-11. Larger vertical vessels are generally supported by a…
The flow of a compressible fluid through an orifice is limited by critical flow. Critical flow is also referred to as choked flow, sonic flow,…