Balanced relief valves are spring-loaded valves that contain a bellows arrangement to keep back-pressure from affecting the set point. Figure 13-4 shows a cross section…
To assure that the liquid and gas reach equilibrium at separator pressure a certain liquid storage is required. This is defined as “retention time” or…
A scrubber is a two-phase separator that is designed to recover liquids carried over from the gas outlets of production separators or to catch liquids…
Removing water from crude oil often requires additional processing beyond gravitational separation. In selecting a treating system, several factors should be considered to determine the…
One method of assuring that hydrates do not form is to assure that the amount of water vapor in the gas is always less than…
The specific gravity difference between the dispersed water droplets and the oil should result in the water “sinking” to the bottom of the treatment vessel.…
For stripping service, as in a glycol or amine contactor , bubble cap trays are the most common. In recent years, there has been a…
The Bernoulli equation is a way of describing how the energy of a fluid changes along its path. It says that the sum of the…
Heat exchangers used in gas production facilities are shell-and-tube, double-pipe, plate-and-frame, bath-type, forced-air, or direct-fired. In this chapter we will discuss the basic concepts for…
An oscillating droplet of oil becomes unstable when the kinetic energy is sufficient to make up for the difference in the surface energy between the…