Flow regimes describe the nature of fluid flow. There are two basic flow regimes for flow of a single-phase fluid: laminar flow and turbulent flow.…
These are thin diaphragms held between flanges and calibrated to burst at a specified static inlet pressure. Unlike relief valves, rapture discs cannot reseal when…
This is the bottom product from the vacuum distillation unit. Just as in the case of the atmospheric residue it has several options for its…
If the flow rate of the inlet stream is known in moles per day then the number of moles per day of gas flow can…
In modern refinery practice the distillation of atmospheric residue is accomplished under high vacuum conditions in a specially designed tower whose internal equipment ensures a…
This is not strictly a cut but consists of all the light material in the crude absorbed into the total overhead distillate from the crude…
Contactor column usually contain either tray random packing or structure packing. For large volume of gas, the contactor is usually a tray column consisting of…
The design pressure for a vessel is called its “Maximum Allowable Working Pressure” (MAWP). In conversation this is sometimes referred to simply as the vessel’s…
Figure 13-2 shows a cross section of a conventional relief valve and Figure 13-3 is a schematic that shows the valve’s operation. Convention al relief…
Foam at the interface may occur when gas bubbles are liberated from the liquid. This foam can be stabilized with the addition of chemicals at…