Foam at the interface may occur when gas bubbles are liberated from the liquid. This foam can be stabilized with the addition of chemicals at…
The molecular weight of the stream is calculated from the weighted average gas molecular weight given by: The molecular weight of the gas stream of…
A double-pipe exchanger is made up of one pipe containing the tube fluid concentric with another pipe, which serves as the shell. The tube is…
Direct-fired combustion equipment is that in which the flame and/or products of combustion are used to achieve the desired result by radiation and convection. Common…
Choking, or expansion of gas from a high pressure to a lower pressure, is generally required for control of gas flow rates. Choking is achieved…
Separator operation can be adversely affected by an accumulation of paraffin. Coalescing plates in the liquid section and mesh pad mist extractors in the gas…
A scrubber is a two-phase separator that is designed to recover liquids carried over from the gas outlets of production separators or to catch liquids…
Two-Phase Flow There are no precise formulas for calculating orifice area for twophase flow. The common convention is to calculate the area required for the…
A bed of random packing typically consists of a bed support (typically a gas injection support plate) upon which pieces of packing material are randomly…
It can be shown mathematically that an efficient design must have a high gas induction rate, a small diameter induced gas bubble, and relatively large…