The sensible heat duty for the oil phase is: where Q0 = oil flow rate, bpd SG = oil specific gravity C0 = oil specific…
It is possible to use a coalescing media to promote coalescence of the water droplets. These media provide large surface area upon which water droplets…
The liquid flow rate in moles per day for a given inlet stream can be determined from Equation 3-17. In our example, for an inlet…
The first form of a plate coalescer was the parallel plate interceptor (PPI). This involved installing a series of plates parallel to the longitudinal axis…
For an emulsion to exist there must be two mutually immiscible liquids, an emulsifying agent, and sufficient agitation to disperse the discontinuous phase into the…
The design pressure for a vessel is called its “Maximum Allowable Working Pressure” (MAWP). In conversation this is sometimes referred to simply as the vessel’s…
Figure 5-6 shows a typical configuration for a vertical three-phase separator. Flow enters the vessel through the side as in the horizontal separator, the inlet…
The area of the fire tube is normally calculated based on a heat flux rate of 10,000 Btu/hr-ft2. The fire-tube length can be determined from:…
In modern refinery practice the distillation of atmospheric residue is accomplished under high vacuum conditions in a specially designed tower whose internal equipment ensures a…
Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are cylindrical in shape, consisting of a bundle of parallel tubes surrounded by an outer casing (shell). Both the tube bundle and…