Process outlet temperature in an aerial cooler can be controlled by louvers, fan variable speed drives, blade pitch or recirculation of process fluid. As the…
A kinetic inhibitor is a polymeric chemical that, when added to a production stream, will not change the hydrate formation temperature but will delay the…
Two common internals not discussed are coalescing plates and sand jets. It is possible to use various plate or pipe coalescer designs to aid in…
Direct-fired combustion equipment is that in which the flame and/or products of combustion are used to achieve the desired result by radiation and convection. Common…
This is the bottom product from the vacuum distillation unit. Just as in the case of the atmospheric residue it has several options for its…
A typical spherical separator is shown in Figure 4-3. The same four sections can be found in this vessel. Spherical separators are a special case…
The major cause of foam in crude oil is the appearance of impurities, other than water, which are impractical to remove before the stream reaches…
The choice of separator operating pressures in a multistage system is large. For large facilities many options should be investigated before a final choice is…
The question always comes up of which fluid to put in the tubes and which fluid to put in the shell. Consider placing a fluid…
The flow of a compressible fluid through an orifice is limited by critical flow. Critical flow is also referred to as choked flow, sonic flow,…