When thinking about emulsion stability, it may be helpful to realize that in a pure oil and pure water mixture, without an emulsifying agent, no…
In dispersed gas units gas bubbles are dispersed in the total stream either by the use of an inductor device or by a vortex set…
A double-pipe exchanger is made up of one pipe containing the tube fluid concentric with another pipe, which serves as the shell. The tube is…
In order to choose the coil length and diameter, a temperature must first be chosen upstream of the choke; the higher Th the longer the…
Figure 13-2 shows a cross section of a conventional relief valve and Figure 13-3 is a schematic that shows the valve’s operation. Convention al relief…
Cyclone separators are designed to operate by centrifugal force. These designs are best suited for fairly clean gas streams. The swirling action of the gas…
In modern refinery practice the distillation of atmospheric residue is accomplished under high vacuum conditions in a specially designed tower whose internal equipment ensures a…
The liquid flow rate in moles per day for a given inlet stream can be determined from Equation 3-17. In our example, for an inlet…
Plate-and-frame exchangers are an arrangement of gasketed, pressed metal plates aligned on carrying bars and secured between two covers by compression bolts. The pressed metal…
The gravity settling devices previously discussed make use of closely spaced internals to reduce the distance an oil droplet must rise to meet a coalescing…