It should be clear from the description of LTX units that the lower pressure separator in an LTX unit is a simple form of cold-feed…
In long horizontal vessels it is necessary to install wave breakers, which are nothing more than vertical baffles spanning the gas-liquid interface and perpendicular to…
The following formulas are used in the ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 for determining wall thickness: Wall thickness—cylindrical shells Figure 12-1 defines the various…
Erosional flow criteria will almost always govern in choosing the diameter. Sometimes it is necessary to check for pressure drop in the coil. Typically, pressure…
This fraction is usually the first side stream of a conventional atmospheric distillation unit. It may be cut to meet a burning oil specification or…
To maintain pressure on a separator, a liquid seal must be effected in the lower portion of the vessel. This liquid seal prevents loss of…
Most commonly used water treating equipment items rely on the forces of gravity to separate the oil droplets from the water continuous phase. The oil…
Flow regimes describe the nature of fluid flow. There are two basic flow regimes for flow of a single-phase fluid: laminar flow and turbulent flow.…
To assure that the liquid and gas reach equilibrium at separator pressure a certain liquid storage is required. This is defined as “retention time” or…
The gravity settling devices previously discussed make use of closely spaced internals to reduce the distance an oil droplet must rise to meet a coalescing…