Most companies have a detailed general specification for the construction of pressure vessels, which defines the overall quality of fabrication required and addresses specific items…
Choking, or expansion of gas from a high pressure to a lower pressure, is generally required for control of gas flow rates. Choking is achieved…
Foam at the interface may occur when gas bubbles are liberated from the liquid. This foam can be stabilized with the addition of chemicals at…
The major cause of foam in crude oil is the appearance of impurities, other than water, which are impractical to remove before the stream reaches…
Adding heat to the incoming oil/water stream is the traditional method of separating the phases. The addition of heat reduces the viscosity of the oil…
The sensible heat duty for the oil phase is: where Q0 = oil flow rate, bpd SG = oil specific gravity C0 = oil specific…
Produced wellhead fluids are complex mixtures of different compounds of hydrogen and carbon, all with different densities, vapor pressures, and other physical characteristics. As a well stream flows from the hot, high-pressure petroleum reservoir, it experiences pressure and temperature reductions. Gases evolve from the liquids and the well streamchanges in character.
It can be shown mathematically that an efficient design must have a high gas induction rate, a small diameter induced gas bubble, and relatively large…
Laboratory testing of a particular oil at various temperatures is the most reliable method of determining how an oil behaves. ASTM D 341 outlines a…
The molecular weight of the stream is calculated from the weighted average gas molecular weight given by: The molecular weight of the gas stream of…