Vortex Breaker As liquid flows out of the exit nozzle, it will swirl and create a vortex. Vortexing would carry the gas out with the…
It is also necessary to control the gas/liquid interface or the oil/water interface in process equipment. This is done with a level controller and liquid…
In modern refinery practice the distillation of atmospheric residue is accomplished under high vacuum conditions in a specially designed tower whose internal equipment ensures a…
A drain system that is connected directly to pressure vessels is called a “pressure” or “closed” drain system. A drain system that collects liquids that…
For an emulsion to exist there must be two mutually immiscible liquids, an emulsifying agent, and sufficient agitation to disperse the discontinuous phase into the…
Resembling dirty ice, hydrates consist of a water lattice in which light hydrocarbon molecules are embedded. They are a loosely-linked crystalline chemical compound of hydrocarbon…
Figure 13-2 shows a cross section of a conventional relief valve and Figure 13-3 is a schematic that shows the valve’s operation. Convention al relief…
All ASME Code vessels are inspected by an approved Code inspector. The manufacturer will supply Code papers signed by the inspector. The nameplate on the…
Plate-and-frame exchangers are an arrangement of gasketed, pressed metal plates aligned on carrying bars and secured between two covers by compression bolts. The pressed metal…
A typical spherical separator is shown in Figure 4-3. The same four sections can be found in this vessel. Spherical separators are a special case…