There are four major types or basic configurations of separators, generally available from manufacturers which are as follows: 1. Vertical 2. Horizontal Single Tube 3.…
The factor of proportionality in the previous equations is called the Moody friction factor and is determined from the Moody resistance diagram shown in Figure…
In the absence of any laboratory data, correlations exist that relate viscosity and temperature, given the oil gravity. The following equation relating viscosity, gravity, and…
The most important safety devices in a production facility are the pressure relief valves, which ensure that pipes, valves, fittings, and pressure vessels can never…
Back-pressure can affect either the set pressure or the capacity of a relief valve. The set pressure is the pressure at which the relief valve…
The first form of a plate coalescer was the parallel plate interceptor (PPI). This involved installing a series of plates parallel to the longitudinal axis…
Aerial coolers are often used to cool a hot fluid to near ambient temperature. They are mechanically simple and flexible, and they eliminate the nuisance…
This property of a fluid indicates its resistance to flow. It is a dynamic property, in that it can be measured only when the fluid…
The most common form of parallel plate interceptor used in oil facilities is the corrugated plate interceptor (CPI). This is a refinement of the PPI…
Foam at the interface may occur when gas bubbles are liberated from the liquid. This foam can be stabilized with the addition of chemicals at…