The way in which the process temperature is controlled varies. In a heater, a temperature controller measures the process temperature and signals a fuel valve…
Flow regimes describe the nature of fluid flow. There are two basic flow regimes for flow of a single-phase fluid: laminar flow and turbulent flow.…
In the past, it was common to direct the water to be treated through a bed of excelsior or another similar medium, as shown in…
Re-entrainment is a phenomenon caused by high gas velocity at the gas-liquid interface of a separator. Momentum transfer from the gas to the liquid causes…
A vessel may be subject to more than one condition under different failure scenarios. For example, a low pressure separator may be subject to blocked…
Many times the designer is given the mole fraction of each component in the feed stream but is not given the mole flow rate for…
Disposal piles are large diameter (24- to 48-inch) open-ended pipes attached to the platform and extending below the surface of the water. Their main uses…
A fixed bed of solid particles can be used to remove acid gases either through chemical reactions or ionic bonding. Typically, in solid bed absorption…
Numerous processes have been developed for gas sweetening based on a variety of chemical and physical principles. These processes can be categorized by the principles…
It is customary to express the energy contained in a fluid in terms of the potential energy contained in an equivalent height or “head” of…