There are many types of inlet diverters. Two main types are baffle plates (shown in Figure 4-6) and centrifugal diverters (shown in Figure 4-7). A…
To assure that the liquid and gas reach equilibrium at separator pressure a certain liquid storage is required. This is defined as “retention time” or…
For an emulsion to exist there must be two mutually immiscible liquids, an emulsifying agent, and sufficient agitation to disperse the discontinuous phase into the…
Coalescing of the small water drops dispersed in the crude can be accomplished by subjecting the water-in-oil emulsion to a high-voltage electrical field. When a…
TEMA standards provide for two classes of shell and tube exchanger qualities. Class C is the less stringent and is typically used in onshore applications…
The flow rate for gas through a given orifice area or the area required for a given flow rate is obtained by:
For sizing a horizontal three-phase separator it is necessary to specify a vessel diameter and a seam-to-seam vessel length. The gas capacity and retention time…
The oil must be held at temperature for a specific period of time to enable de-emulsifying the water-in-oil emulsion. This information is best determined in…
Water Treatment describes choosing a process for this subsystem, including vessel and open drains. Figure 2-13 shows an enlargement of the watertreating system for the…
Pilot-operated relief valves use the pressure in the vessel rather than a spring to seal the valve and a pilot to activate the mechanism. Figure…