The flow of a compressible fluid through an orifice is limited by critical flow. Critical flow is also referred to as choked flow, sonic flow,…
A scrubber is a two-phase separator that is designed to recover liquids carried over from the gas outlets of production separators or to catch liquids…
With the known temperatures on each end of the coil, the heat duty for each coil can be calculated from the heat transfer theory. Since…
Before the vessel fabrication can proceed, the fabricator will develop complete drawings and have these drawings approved by the representative of the engineering firm and/or…
In large facilities oil is typically sold through a LACT unit, which is designed to meet API Standards and whatever additional measuring and sampling standards…
Sand can be very troublesome in separators by causing cutout of valve trim, plugging of separator internals, and accumulation in the bottom of the separator.…
The molecular weight of the liquid stream is calculated from the weighted average liquid component molecular weight given by: This is calculated in Table 3-3.…
Foam at the interface may occur when gas bubbles are liberated from the liquid. This foam can be stabilized with the addition of chemicals at…
There are usually two naphtha cuts produced from most crude. These are: Light naphtha (sometimes called light gasoline) Heavy naphtha. Both these streams are the…
The major cause of foam in crude oil is the appearance of impurities, other than water, which are impractical to remove before the stream reaches…