Tube holes cannot be drilled very close together, since this may structually weaken the tube sheet. The shortest distance between two adjacent tube holes is…
Many times the designer is given the mole fraction of each component in the feed stream but is not given the mole flow rate for…
A kinetic inhibitor is a polymeric chemical that, when added to a production stream, will not change the hydrate formation temperature but will delay the…
The following formulas are used in the ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 for determining wall thickness: Wall thickness—cylindrical shells Figure 12-1 defines the various…
The molecular weight of the liquid stream is calculated from the weighted average liquid component molecular weight given by: This is calculated in Table 3-3.…
To calculate the heat duty it must be remembered that the pressure drop through the choke is instantaneous. That is, no heat is absorbed or…
Head Bernoulli is a term that refers to the total energy of a fluid at a given point in a steady flow system. It consists…
If the flow rate of the inlet stream is known in moles per day then the number of moles per day of gas flow can…
In modern refinery practice the distillation of atmospheric residue is accomplished under high vacuum conditions in a specially designed tower whose internal equipment ensures a…
Cyclone separators are designed to operate by centrifugal force. These designs are best suited for fairly clean gas streams. The swirling action of the gas…