The design pressure for a vessel is called its “Maximum Allowable Working Pressure” (MAWP). In conversation this is sometimes referred to simply as the vessel’s…
Back-pressure can affect either the set pressure or the capacity of a relief valve. The set pressure is the pressure at which the relief valve…
All ASME Code vessels are inspected by an approved Code inspector. The manufacturer will supply Code papers signed by the inspector. The nameplate on the…
Choking, or expansion of gas from a high pressure to a lower pressure, is generally required for control of gas flow rates. Choking is achieved…
Removing water from crude oil often requires additional processing beyond gravitational separation. In selecting a treating system, several factors should be considered to determine the…
There are many different arrangements of the shells, tubes and baffles in heat exchangers. Figure 3-6 is a list of TEMA standard classifications for heat…
Cyclone separators are designed to operate by centrifugal force. These designs are best suited for fairly clean gas streams. The swirling action of the gas…
Conventional Valve, Balanced-Bellows Valve, or Pilot-Operated Valve The corresponding equations for liquid flow are the following: Note that a preliminary orifice size must be determined…
The Bernoulli equation is a way of describing how the energy of a fluid changes along its path. It says that the sum of the…
Piping design in production facilities involves the selection of a pipe diameter and a wall thickness that is capable of transporting fluid from one piece…